ʻenehana a me ke kaʻina hana no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai ʻōpala

Ke kūlana ʻoihana a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka wai ʻōpala tannery
I ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā, ʻo nā huahana ʻili e like me nā ʻeke, nā kāmaʻa ʻili, nā lole ʻili, nā sofa ʻili, etc. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua ulu wikiwiki ka ʻoihana ʻili. I ka manawa like, ua lilo ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka wai ʻōpala tannery i kekahi o nā kumu nui o ka haumia ʻoihana.
ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻamau he ʻekolu mau ʻanuʻu o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana, ka tanning a me ka hoʻopau ʻana. Ma ka ʻāpana hoʻomākaukau ma mua o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, loaʻa ka wai mai ka holoi ʻana, ka ʻūlū, ka dehairing, liming, deliming, softening a degreasing; ʻO nā mea hoʻohaumia nui ʻo ia ka ʻōpala organik, ka ʻōpala inorganic a me nā mea hoʻohuihui. ʻO ka wai ʻino i loko o ka ʻāpana tanning ka mea nui mai ka holoi ʻana, pickling, a me ka tanning; ʻO nā mea hoʻohaumia nui ʻo nā paʻakai inorganic a me ka chromium metala kaumaha. ʻO ka wai ʻino ma ka pauku hoʻopau ʻana mai ka holoi ʻana, ʻomi ʻia, hoʻoluʻu ʻana, ka wai momona a me ka hoʻohemo ʻana i ka lepo, a pēlā aku. No laila, ʻo ka wai ʻōpala tannery nā hiʻohiʻona o ka nui o ka wai, nā loli nui i ka maikaʻi o ka wai a me ka nui o ka wai, kiʻekiʻe pollution ukana, kiʻekiʻe alkalinity, kiʻekiʻe chroma, kiʻekiʻe maʻiʻo o ka paʻa paʻa, biodegradability maikaʻi, a me nā mea ʻino.
ʻO ka wai ʻōpala i loko o ka sulfur: Liming wai ʻōpala i hana ʻia e ka lehu-alkali dehair i loko o ke kaʻina hana tanning a me ke kaʻina holoi holoi wai ʻino;
Degreasing wai ʻinoʻino: I ka degreasing kaʻina o ka tanning a me ka hulu hana, ka wai ʻōpala i hana ʻia e ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili maka a me ka ʻaila me ka surfactant a me ka wai ʻino e pili ana i ke kaʻina holoi.
ʻO ka wai ʻōpala i loko o Chromium: ʻo ka wai ʻawaʻawa chrome i hana ʻia i loko o ke kaʻina hana chrome tanning a me ka chrome retanning, a me ka wai ʻino e pili ana i ke kaʻina holoi.
ʻO ka wai ʻino piha: he huaʻōlelo maʻamau no nā ʻano wai ʻino i hana ʻia e nā ʻoihana hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻili a me ka huluhulu a i ʻole nā ​​​​wahi hana kikowaena, a hoʻokuʻu pololei a ʻole ʻole paha i nā papahana hoʻōla wai ʻino (e like me ke kaʻina hana ʻana i ka wai ʻino, nā ʻōpala hale i nā hale hana).